The Office of the Delaware State Veterinarian is notifying you about the cases of neurologic disease in horses in the Kent County area. Tests on samples of a corn-based feed fed to affected horses came back with high levels of of a fungal toxin called fumonisin. This is a toxin produced by mold that grows on corn. Officials advise anyone using feed purchased in April to contact their supplier to see if they are aware of any related concerns. Symptoms have been recorded by area vets between April 22 and May 17.
Additional information from the Department of Ag:
The levels in the samples significantly exceeded five parts per million (ppm), the maximum level recommended by FDA.
Fumonisin is a toxin produced by mold (mycotoxin) that grows on corn. The amount of contamination can vary due to weather during harvest and harvest periods, improper storage and other factors. Dry periods followed by rainfall just before and during harvest can create optimal conditions for mold growth. Insect damage and high-moisture content (18-23%) in storage can increase levels of toxins. Proper storage and management of corn and other feed grains are vital preventative steps.
Fumonisin can harm various livestock animals depending on the levels of contamination and the amount ingested, with horses and rabbits being most sensitive. The toxin causes softening of the brain and subsequent neurologic signs including lethargy, head pressing, wobbly gait, tremoring, and circling, and progression to recumbency and death. The samples submitted by the Office State Veterinarian and the local equine veterinarian had levels ranging from 31 - 101 ppm where as safe, quality feed should not have Fumonisin levels exceeding one ppm.
Those caring for sensitive animals are reminded of these best practices when purchasing feed:
Animal owners who believe they may have purchased contaminated feed are instructed to dispose of the feed immediately and not to feed the product to their livestock or poultry. Owners with questions or concerns about feed should contact the supplier for more information. Further guidance on feeding should be sought from a veterinarian.
Animal health questions should be directed to the Poultry and Animal Health Section of the Delaware Department of Agriculture at 302-698-4500.