Extreme Solar Activity in Early December 2025 Shocks Astronomers
One of the strongest solar flares of 2025 occurred on the morning of December 1. Preliminary estimates put its strength at X1.95. The plasma clouds may reach Earth by December 4.
X-class flares can cause radio interference and geomagnetic storms. This particular flare ranks among the five strongest of 2025 so far. The Solar Astronomy Laboratory of the Space Research Institute (IKI RAS) described the eruption as "complete madness."
"From a scientific perspective, the situation is somewhat insane, as the explosion on the Sun's side facing Earth was again produced by the same single active region (No. 4274), which alone has generated almost all extreme solar activity for the past two months," the institute reported on its Telegram channel.
Researchers note that active region No. 4274, having returned to the Sun's visible side after the star's rotation, produced a new flare on its first day back. In the coming days, around December 4, it will enter the zone of impact on Earth, potentially triggering geomagnetic storms.
Further risk comes from a second large active region in the Sun's southern hemisphere, the largest of the year. Scientists caution that early December 2025 could go down in solar physics history due to the Sun's extreme activity.